(*10.8.1296 - †26.8.1346) The first Czech king from the House of Luxembourg, a skilled diplomat with a European outlook, a politician and a knight. He travelled throughout Europe, expanded the Czech lands and secured a long-lasting peace. However, he remained a foreigner in Bohemia and constantly had to fight the haughty aristocracy. He fell at the Battle of Crecy in one of the most famous battles of the Middle Ages, which he participated in while completely blind.